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Overview
Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology is an innovative, patented technology for power generation that utilises the always available resources and phenomena of nature. Incorporating the Hydrodynamic-Cycle process, the result is a revolutionary system for generating clean energy that is emissions free and able to offer a high availability power supply with environmental advantages and cost competitiveness to traditional fossil fueled and other alternative generators. Deployed as Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Plants, the use of this technology has wide applications as fixed large-scale distributed/localised land-based or mobile generators (enabling the avoidance of transmission losses), in automobiles, land and sea transportation vehicles or vessels
and many others.
The Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology has World Patent Protection: PCT-AU2007/906961; AU2008/902488; AU2008/001888; AUS-PATENT2008/338258; with additional patents published by the World Intellectual Property Organisation [WIPO-Geneva]
international publication number: WO2009/0876727. Additional patents for the
new-scope and coverage, as well as new-modifications and enhancements,
have also been granted under IPRP/PCT, by the International Patents Bureau.
 
1. Click below to read the Hydrodynamic Power Technology Technical Papers, of an introductory level, as presented at the 2011 World Renewable Energy Congress in Bali, Indonesia: Paper 1 (3.8MB PDF) and Paper 2 [Level 1 - Basic] (0.5MB PDF).
2. Click here to read an article received for comment, regarding the status of the Hydrodynamic Power Technology and its unveiling at the UN COP17 Summit in Durban, South Africa from November 28 to December 3, 2011. Author: Unknown.
"From sub-tech to Cleantech, the Australian invention
putting renewable energy in the ascendancy at UN COP17
summit."
Current Project Status
Anika Pharmaceutical, Queensland, Australia; 50kW co-generation plant.
* Power outputs will be a dedicated supply for the pharmaceutical facility and the waste-air applied for process-cooling.
* This project has been granted concurrence permits from the Gold Coast City Council, as the Local Government Authority.
Tasmania, Australia; Utility scale power generation with 1000MW (1GWe) capacity.
* This project will be the first and largest renewable energy project of its kind in the world, supplying 24/7 power for 1.25million homes, abating 26.6millions of green house gas emissions annually, being similar to removing some 12million cars off the road.
* Once completed, power outputs of up to 650MW in capacity will be supplied to Victorian grids via the Bass Strait link, with the balance being supplied to North and North East Tasmanian grids.
* This project has received concurrence permits for stage-one, being 100MW capacity from the State Environmental Protection Agency (EPA Tas) under the State's Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment (DRIWE).
Click to view EPA Tas Letter of Assessment Advice.
* The Local Government Authorities' consent, before LaTrobe Shire Council, is being progressed. The deployment of these developments, along with the co-generation project in Queensland, are pending the Australian Federal Government's concurrence for the project's renewable energy certifications. We look forward to the ratification of these projects following the passing of the Australian Carbon-Tax legislation in November, 2011.
Artas Steel Co, Jakarta, Indonesia; Total generation capacity of 10MW with stage-one 1MWe as co-generation plant.
* Project is underway and being deployed with completion, commissioning and commercial operation expected February/March 2012. The waste air will be used for the mill ventilation systems.
* This project will receive carbon reduction units (CRU) under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM); with the CRU expected to yield 19Euro/MWhr.
George City Council, South Africa; 1MW generating capacity.
* This
project has received the Council's approvals and will be constructed at the Council's complex. The Local power generation consulting engineers, BDE-Consult, have been engaged as principle project engineers and management by the Local power-company developing this project.
Proposed listing on the ASX-Perth for the Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology exclusive global-license.
Currently progressing. When the ASX-listing is formalized, this entity will be: "an integrated multi-disciplined renewable power company", with the key-principles:
* Operating globally as the technology provider; and for the provisions of high level technical expert advisory services on all aspects of effective power generation, transmission, distribution, operations, maintenance and management.
* Delivering best practice technology transfers, industry and manufacturing sharing on commercially-shared outcomes, based on corporate social responsibility precedence; and
* Achieving nett-outcomes on sustainable developments and humanitarian endeavors.
Below are samples from the technical drawings of a Type A: 1MWe Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power
Plant. The drawings were conceptualized, designed and developed by James Kwok, Copyright © 2011. All rights are reserved.
  
Technical drawings for a Type A: 1MWe Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Plant. Click for a larger image.
Hidro+ Super-Prime-Mover
Recent collaborative work conducted with an overseas shipping company has yielded blue-prints for the development of the Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology Super-Prime-Mover [HSPM] with 135,000BHP power capacity for retrofit into existing large container ships, as a standard feature for newly constructed ships, or in the interim as a stand-alone HSPM Tow-Ship to tow existing larger container ships on Trans-Atlantic or extreme long-range distances (whilst the ship's existing engine is used for manoeuvring at harbor and port).
A single operational HSPM that is equipped with an expander turbo-generator and linear electric generator machines to produce power for prime-propulsion, refrigeration and lighting, is expected to be capable of abating about 175million tons per year of carbon emissions.
Pre-Commercial Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Plant
In December 2010 James Kwok completed and commissioned a pre-commercial Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Plant with a 20kW capacity. This plant is the first-stage of its designed capacity, consisting of a 7m water tower with hydrostatic pressure harnessed via rack and pinion gears that power a flywheel to rotate a generator to produce electricity.
Located at Stapylton East in Queensland, Australia, the performance of this plant has been verified by independent
engineers and Dr Rajinder Malik PhD, fluid mechanics expert previously
with the University of Sydney. The plant technology and process-system have been validated and verified. The Hidro+ commercial plant technical and engineering designs and documentations have been expertly analysed and confirmed; and the conducted process optimisation-studies verified. One of the verification reports' conclusions are attached and can be viewed here. The author's full report will be annexed to James Kwok's technical journals upon publication.
 
 
Above: Pre-commercial Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Plant under a continuous performance and reliability test of over 24 hours
 
Above: Pre-commercial Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Plant during construction
Linear Electric Generator
In 2008 Professor Ion Boldea of Politehnica University, Timisoara Romania, joined James Kwok as a co-developer in the Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology Linear Electric Generator. This is a joint patent between James Kwok and Professor Ion Boldea, and is currently world patent pending. Prof Boldea has been a Fellow of the IEEE since 1996 and has published extensively, in English, on the subject of rotary and linear electric machines and drives in the last 25 years. He is author and co-author of 13 books published in the U.S.A. and U.K. and holds 20 Romanian patents and one American patent which is now a commercial product.
Prof Boldea is member of IEEE-IAS EM and IDC committees, he has won 3 IEEE-IAS best-paper awards. He holds the 1976 Engineering Award (with S.A. Nasar) of the Romanian Academy of Sciences. Prof Boldea led a team that developed and built an industrial prototype (inverter-fed linear induction and, respectively, rotary induction-driven) subway system for 300 passengers and a linear homopolar synchronous motor-integrated propulsion-suspension MAGLEV: Magnibus-01 of 4 tones on a 150-meter test track.
  
Testing being conducted on the Linear Electric Generator
The Technology Principle
Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology works based upon the natural phenomena of the universe being the primary renewable energy source: Air and Gravity cause pressure to exist in an energy boundary that is a constant. Hydrostatic Pressure Gradients and Buoyancy are collectively engineered in a system and applied on a large weight causing it to ascend and descend at freefall velocity for a continuous cycle (Hydrodynamic-Cycle). The Hydrostatic Pressure is created with the use of high water towers, the number of which correspond with
the designed power cycle.
The potential energy in the descending weight from the Hydrodynamic-Cycle can be imparted in a number of ways:
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- Using Pneumatic or Hydraulic cylinders, where the high pressure medium created is stored and released onto a turbo-generator to generate electricity.
- Using a Rack and Pinion geared wheel arrangement to store the energy in
flywheels that run an electric generator.
- Applying the weight as a Rotor or Translator descending along a Stator-Bank, collectively as a Linear Electric Generator (LEG) system, directly generating electrical power.
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Pneumatic/Hydraulic, Rack and Pinion, and LEG arrangements
The patented Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology system includes the unique Reverse Thruster Pressure Equalizer [RTPE], that allows air inflation at the bottom of the tower to be “assisted”, where higher pressures within the tower (pressure gradients resulting from varying heights) are introduced in the RTPE chambers, thus equalizing the high pressure to be overcome. Parasitic energy on this instance, as well as on instrumentations
and controls, is thereby greatly reduced.
The following nine points form the Hidro+ Applied Engineering Philospohy [HAEP] for the Hydrodynamic Power Technology:
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The pressure-gradients between any two (2) ports, as a confined boundary
on a vertical liquid vessel, exist in a multitude of configurations and arrangements that will present as active, reactive and regenerative vectors pyramidally, where each is a potential energy constant until it is changed;
if the static state is changed, pressure-gradients and force occur relative to position
in the dynamic boundaries of an organic Water-Column, in a manner that is
hereby referred to as the hydrodynamic-cycle.
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The Water-Column is an always active form of series pressure-bands, an infinite number of which are in existence; and between any two pressure-bands in a confined-boundary, there is ΔP derivation in a manner that is infinite, and thus it is the renewable potential energy source, where pressure is a hydrostatic pressure: m[1- ∞] x gravity x h[1- ∞]. As more than one-series of confined boundaries are mechanized to do various work as a derived mechanical advantage, the cycle is thus referred to as the hydrodynamic-cycle, where the non-exhaustive (replenishing) energy boundary prevails over the traditional (carnot-cycle) exhaustive linear energy boundary.
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2. |
When there are two or more natural phenomena with potential energy arranged in a dynamic system, it is possible to harness a converted energy on a continuous basis from such system, unless or until changed and part of the system peaks to equilibration. The natural phenomena referred herein includes buoyancy and drag forces, gravity and gravitational forces, gas density gradients and displacement forces, hydrostatic water pressure and resultant forces, and water column hydrostatic pressure gradients net-vector thrusts to do work.
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3. |
A Force acting at a specific-depth of a water-column and/or water-head pressure on a surface-area, is the only force quantum optimus exertion on that surface-area, at such specific-depth. |
4. |
A Force acting at a specific-depth of a water-column and/or water-head pressure is equally exerted only within the specific-depth region. |
5. |
The Applied-Force-Quantum at a specific-point of a water-column = Pressure / Area as the fundamental Pascal’s theorem is not applicable when a water-column chamber or vessel is less or greater than 1m² in area.
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6. |
Hydrostatic Implosion of Fluid and Ejectility Factor. Please click here to read (PDF 0.5MB).
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7. |
"Most of the mediocre just see that energy output comes from energy input (EIV) in an exhaustive linear energy boundary; a higher intellect will see energy output is a product of a potential energy (PEV) in a system; but the geniuses are those to see that when 2 or more “constants” with various potential energy exist in a system, it is possible to convert its various work done into usable energy on a continuous basis in a replenishing-cyclic energy boundary system. The reality is in every case an actual or ‘expressed as’ energy output value from any system can not be greater of EIV x 0.8 or PEV x 0.8."
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8. |
"Science and scientific hypotheses are likely to prevail in the absence of measurable and measured data; but when technical and engineering high-valued data is present, this shall always prevail above all science and scientific views; engineering high-value data is the product of higher knowledge and competencies, but not of engineering mediocrity."
"Whilst the scientist hypothesizes matters and critiques, the engineer builds the complete system, modifying for better outcomes and efficiency."
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"Pure Science: is theoretical concepts; Applied Science: is the tools;and Pure Engineering: is higher knowledge above common science and engineering. "
Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology is an Original Cleantech Technology, being a new technology breakthrough and a product of the highest and original Pure Engineering achievements.
James Kwok
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Development and Specifications
The Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology has been developed and progressed by James Kwok over a period of more than ten years since the initial bench-tests in 1998. Prototyping and a complete Demonstration Unit were constructed prior to the current pre-commercial plant in Stapylton, Queensland Australia.
  
Bench-tests and prototyping
 
 
Hidro+ Hydrodynamic Power Technology Demonstration Unit being assembled in the Republic of Indonesia
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